Kamis, 18 Januari 2018
Final Test Assignment - The Jaipongan
Traditional dance is one of the cultural heritages that owned by the tribes in Indonesia, because Indonesia is a big country and has many tribes, it is no wonder that based by the source taken from Wikipedia that says in Indonesia there are about more than 3000 traditional dances. The number of traditional dances that so many depicts that Indonesia has a very rich diversity in terms of dance art. There is so many traditional dance in Indonesia which is well known by the Indonesian people, one of them is the Jaipong dance or Jaipongan which is a popular traditional dance from West Java. In this paragraph essay will explain more about Jaipongan, which is about ; the description and history, the characteristics, the dance movements, the musical accompaniment, the dance costumes, the dance properties, the setting of the stage and the last is about the current developments of Jaipong.
Firstly, who doesn’t know about the Jaipong dance?. Jaipongan is a traditional dance from West Java that is very popular in Indonesia this dance is combines several other traditional arts, such as Wayang Golek, Ketuk Tilu, etc. Jaipong is often featured at various events such as at entertainment event, welcoming the important guest and also at cultural festival. According from the history, this dance was created by an artist from Karawang, his name is H. Suanda. This dance was began to popularized since 1976 through a cassete media that named “Suanda Grup”, it turns out to give a good response from the Karawang people, so this dance becomes a means of entertaintment for the community of Karawang. Then, Gugum Gumbira, an artist from Bandung introduced this dance to the Bandung people, he was developed this dance in Bandung with the inspiration from several art such as Ketuk Tilu, Kleningan, and also the Ronggeng dance, and now Jaipong dance becomes a popular dance and also be regarded as one of the symbols of art in West Java.
Then, the characteristic that exist in jaipongan besides the cheerfullness, this dance also known for its spontaneity, humority, passion and seductive moves, and Jaipongan is also known from its simplicity which can be seen from its populist movements. This characteristic is then widely used as form of social and fraternal dance. When this dance is performed, the atmosphere of the event turns to be cheerful and full of joy.
This dance is usually played by the dancers with individually, in pairs or in groups. The movements in Jaipongan is an attractive dance with dynamic movement, the dancers are dance in a coherent motion to each other. In addition, the formation of the dancers movements adds the beauty of the dance. The Jaipongan movement has 4 varieties, those are ; bukaan movement which is the motion that start the dance, then the pacungan or fast movement, next is ngala and the last is mincit which is the movement of transition between one mone motion with another motion after ngala movement.
Furthermore, Jaipongan is performed with accompanied by an orchestra of various musical instruments which is called “Degungan”, Degungan consist of various kinds of traditional musical intruments such as Kendang, Ketuk, Rebab, Goong, Kecrek, etc. The characteristic from Degungan in Jaipongan in its musical accompaniment lies in the sound of Kendang that often become sounds in tune with the movements of Jaipongan dancers.
The costumes that worn by Jaipongan dancers in the show are often found in various forms, but the differences that cannot be separated from the jaipong dance is the two main costume part, Sinjang and Apok. Sinjang is a long cloth that is used to cover the waist down. Apok is dress, the form is a longtorso, which is wrapped around the body from the chest to the hip. Apok is decorated with various beads and gold laces.
Next is about the setting stage in Jaipongan, this dance is often performed by one dancer only, it’s based on the rules from the dance creator, that Jaipongan would be better if played by an odd number of dancer, that could be one, three or five. All the main dancers are women, who usually invite the mens who have the right to join the jaipong dance as long as they have to pay the saweran for the Jaipongan dancers.
Then, its about the property that used in jaipong dance, the properties that is used by dancers is not much, the dancers usually wear Sampur or shawl that is worn around the neck, the presence of Sampur becomes an important property in this dance performance. The presence of sampur makes each dancer’s movements look so distinctive. Besides sampur, the property used is the crown, the crown is used to beautify the appearance of dancers, especially from the appereance of the dancer’s head. Sampur and crown is complementary properties of fashion from the jaipong dancers.
The last is about the development of this dance today, jaipong dance commonly refered to as a typical dance from West Java, this can be seen because this dance is always performed when there are guests from abroad who come to West Java. This dance has been included in many other arts that is exist in West Java, such as the Wayang show, Degungan, Genjringan, etc. Even today, jaipong dance is often collaborated with modern dangdut. Although now this dance is still well know by many people, but it is inevitable the fact that this dance show becomes rare because today’s generation is less interested in traditional culture, including Jaipongan as well.
In conclusion, the Jaipongan is a popular traditional dance from West java. Originally, this dance was created in Karawang, but in its development, Jaipong is more famous in Bandung. In addition to having some distinctive features in it such as the joyful, Jaipongan is also has a strong fraternity values, this can be seen from the movement if the dancers are coherent to each other. The accompanient of music that is used for Jaipongan is played by Degung which is composed of various kinds of traditional musical instruments. The main costume part that worn by the jaipong dancers are Sinjang and Apok, and the additional properties like Sampur and crown. In its development, this dance now is well known especially in West Java, because usually this dance is performed at the time of important event in there. Although Jaipongan is well known by people but undeniable because of the shift of the era, this dance rarely performed, because there are so not so many people who perform or master Jaipongan, but of course in order to prevent this dance to become extinct, then we must keeo this dance by preserving it and not forgetting this precious heritage.
Name : Ilham Maulana Firdaus
NIM. : 1630911024
